All cars use an electric pump-operated windshield washer with a positive displacement washer pump. On some, the motor is placed in the washer reservoir, while on others, it is driven by a wiper motor. When the pump is attached to the wiper motor, the four lobe cam starts a spring-loaded follower, but the pump does not operate all the time that the wiper motor is running. This is because the pumping mechanism is locked out and pumping action occurs. A plunger is pulled toward the coil, allowing the ratchet pawl to engage the ratchet wheel, which begins to rotate, one tooth at a time. Each lobe of the cam starts the follower. The follower moves the piston actuator plate and piston away from the valve assembly and compresses the piston spring, creating a vacuum in the pump cylinder through the intake valve. As the high point of each cam lobe passes the follower, the piston spring expands, forcing the piston toward the valves. This pressurizes the washer solution so it flows out the exhaust valves to the spray nozzles.
Tuesday 2 October 2012
Honda civis awesome Modified
Hot black colour in honda civics Material in this car WHEEL/TIRES/SUSPENSION : Air force Air Suspension ESM Wheels F:17×8.5 et8 (17mm spacer) R:17×10 et10 (20mm spacer) EXTERIOR: Mugen RR Front Bumper FD2 Tail Lights FD2 Trunk Voltex Rear Diffuser INTERIOR: Bride Racing Seats ENGINE:KN69 Intake Aspec Exhaust Manifold FGK Trust Catback System
Monday 1 October 2012
Crash and Safety Features
What actually happens in a collision? The first part of that answer is that there are two collisions. The first collision occurs when the vehicle runs into another object. The second collision is when the occupant(s) hit the inside of the car. Neither a seat belt nor an air bag can do anything about the first collision, but they can be a great help to you in the second collision. They can minimize the impact between you and the interior of the car. Safety belt use is more than a personal right. Injuries and fatalities resulting from motor vehicle accidents are reflected in the rising costs of auto and health insurance, and costs to employers in the form of lost days at work. The taxpayer also loses by having to support emergency medical response teams and social programs for the disabled. Excuses, excuses! 1. "Seat belts are too uncomfortable." Of course, in a car accident -- without your seat belt -- you would smash into the steering column, slam into the dashboard, or crash through the windshield. This too, can be very uncomfortable. 2. "Seat belts wrinkle my clothes." Sometimes. Sitting also wrinkles clothes. Wearing clothes wrinkles clothes. Flying through a windshield REALLY wrinkles clothes. 3. "Only nerds wear seat belts." Really? It turns out that -- without seat belts -- nerds, jocks, cheerleaders, "A" students and average students would all fly through the windshield at the same rate. 4. "I'm a good driver." Nice as that is, good drivers can get hit by bad drivers, drunk drivers, or other good drivers with mechanical failures. Very few people intend to have accidents. 5. "Seat belts restrict my freedom of movement." This is true. Without your seat belt, you have all the freedom in the world -- to crash into your windshield, to slam into your car's interior, or to be thrown from your car and slide along the pavement. Freedom is great. 6. "It's too embarrassing to ask friends to use their seat belts." In 1984, 46,000 people died in car accidents. That same year, not one person died of embarrassment. Safety in car design was recognized as being important even in the earliest cars. In recent years, however, it has become a fundamental subject in its own right. Active safety measures have been designed to reduce the likelihood of a car being involved in an accident in the first place, while passive safety measures assume that a collision is inevitable and then aim to reduce the severity of the injuries to the road users involved. Until the late 1800's the British had a 2 mph speed limit for cars. There was an excellent reason for this. It was also required, for safety's sake, that each car carry two passengers with a third person walking in front. The job of the third person was to walk in front of the car to warn everyone that it was coming!
Fuel Supply controls
The internal-combustion engine is powered by the burning of a precise mixture of liquefied fuel and air in the cylinders’ combustion chambers. Fuel is stored in a tank until it is needed, then pumped to a carburetor or, in newer cars, to a fuel-injection system.
The carburetor controls the mixture of gas and air that travels to the engine. It mixes fuel with air at the head of a pipe, called the intake manifold, leading to the cylinders. A vacuum created by the downward strokes of pistons draws air through the carburetor and intake manifold. Inside the carburetor, the airflow transforms drops of fuel into a fine mist, or vapor. The intake manifold delivers the fuel vapor to the cylinders, where it is ignited.
All new cars produced today are equipped with fuel injection systems instead of carburetors. Fuel injectors spray carefully calibrated bursts of fuel mist into cylinders either at or near openings to the combustion chambers. Since the exact quantity of gas needed is injected into the cylinders, fuel injection is more precise, easier to adjust, and more consistent than a carburetor, delivering better efficiency, gas mileage, engine responsiveness, and pollution control. Fuel-injection systems vary widely, but most are operated or managed electronically.
High-performance automobiles are often fitted with air-compressing equipment that increases an engine’s output. By increasing the air and fuel flow to the engine, these features produce greater horsepower. Superchargers are compressors powered by the crankshaft. Turbochargers are turbine-powered compressors run by pressurized exhaust gas.
Fuel-Injection System: The fuel-injection system replaces the carburetor in most new vehicles to provide a more efficient fuel delivery system. Electronic sensors respond to varying engine speeds and driving conditions by changing the ratio of fuel to air. The sensors send a fine mist of fuel from the fuel supply through a fuel-injection nozzle into a combustion chamber, where it is mixed with air. The mixture of fuel and air triggers ignition.© Microsoft Corporation. All
Gasoline engine vehicle
This type of vehicle runs on an engine that uses
gasoline fuel. Because gasoline engines produce
high power yet come in a compact package, they
are widely used in passenger vehicles.
Similar engines are also used on the CNG engine,
the LPG engine and alcohol engine, which use
different types of fuel.
CNG: Compressed Natural Gas
LPG: Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Engine
Fuel tank (gasoline)
Hybrid vehicle
This type of vehicle is equipped with different types
of motive power, such as a gasoline engine and an
electric motor. Because the gasoline engine
generates electricity, this type of vehicle does not
require an external source for recharging the
battery. System of wheel driver uses 270V, on the
other hand, other electric 12V.
For example, during start- off, it uses an electric
motor that produces high power despite a low
speed. When the vehicle picks up speed, it
operates the gasoline engine that is more efficient
at higher speeds. By making the best use of both
types of motive force in this manner, it is effective
in reducing exhaust emission and improving fuel
economy.
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